Cracks
![](https://www.macrodiagnostics.it/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Lesioni.jpg)
Exceeding the tensile strength of the materials (masonry, reinforced concrete …) causes the formation of lesions which may also have structural relevance.
PROBLEMS: cracks, detachments, infiltrations, sagging
MONITORING TECHNIQUES:
deformometry, optical microscopy, LVDT
Displacements
![](https://www.macrodiagnostics.it/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/P1100378.jpg)
By installing LVDT technology displacement sensor sensors, it is possible to carry out the evolution of relative displacements with the precision of the thousandth of a millimeter.
PROBLEMS: sagging and active injuries
MONITORING TECHNIQUES: acquisition unit, data transmission and LVDT displacement sensors
Rotations
![](https://www.macrodiagnostics.it/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/20180620_191616.jpg)
Uncompensated forces, land pressures and foundation failures can generate rigid rotational movements of structures and artefacts
PROBLEMS: rotations of structures or parts of members
MONITORING TECHNIQUES: digital tiltmeters
Vibrations
![](http://www.macrodiagnostics.it/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/MR300-INSTALLATO.jpg)
Moving organs, natural or anthropic dynamic actions can generate vibrations inside the structures.
PROBLEMS: vibrations transients
MONITORING TECHNIQUES: triaxial accelerometers and data acquisition units
Strain and stress
![](http://www.macrodiagnostics.it/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/08.jpg)
In the case of new buildings, tests on existing structures or structural changes it is sometimes essential to follow the evolution of the stress state
PROBLEMS: control of tensional conditions, structural failures, excessive deformations
MONITORING TECHNIQUES: LVDT, FBG , FABRY PEROT